输电杆塔玻璃钢纤维增强复合材料抗老化性试验研究

研究了输电杆塔用玻璃钢纤维增强复合材料(glass fiber reinforced polymer, GFRP)在热氧老化环境下的抗老化性问题。对未经过任何老化处理的试件和热氧老化后的试件,分别测试其材料拉伸强度、弹性模量、泊松比等参数,并将这些参数进行了对比分析。试验结果表明,热氧老化环境对GFRP材料性能有明显影响,使其强度明显降低、弹性模量和泊松比有所提高,对未经过防护涂料处理试件的材料性能影响更明显。由老化经验公式可得,取强度保持率为50%作为寿终指标时,经过防护涂料处理的试件使用寿命可达35年。对长期暴露在不利环境下的GFRP输电杆塔进行设计时,应考虑外界环境的影响,并进行相应的防护处理。     

荆门换流站接地极工程玻璃钢构架结构设计

荆门换流站接地极工程玻璃钢构架是国内首次应用玻璃钢复合材料的变电构架。重点论述了玻璃钢管成型工艺及力学特性,玻璃钢构架结构型式、结构设计原则、节点连接等,并和钢构架进行技术经济比较。提出了合理的玻璃钢构架结构型式,为玻璃钢构架推广和应用提供参考。     

GFRP筋拉伸力学性能温度效应试验研究

 玻璃纤维增强塑料(GFRP)材料的力学性能对工作环境温度很敏感,在设计时应充分考虑环境温度对此的影响。通过试验研究在不同工作环境温度(20 ℃～120 ℃)条件下GFRP筋拉伸力学性能的温度效应。加载设备采用MTS322电液伺服静动万能试验机,试验温度由环境箱进行自动控制。试验结果表明：试件在加载过程中,会因损伤而发出清脆响声,其表面出现白斑状裂纹,随荷载增加响声增大而渐密;破坏形态多为较大范围内发生片状裂开破坏,偶见某一断面断裂破坏,均为脆性破坏;GFRP筋的力学性能对环境温度非常敏感,极限抗拉强度、抗拉初始弹性模量、屈服应变和极限延伸率随着环境温度增加而下降,而抗拉屈服后弹性模量变化规律则相反;GFRP筋应力–应变曲线在20 ℃～80 ℃时为双线性,随着温度升高,其屈服点逐渐降低,在100 ℃,120 ℃时应力–应变曲线变为线性。通过试验分析,建立考虑环境温度影响的GFRP筋应力–应变关系及其相关参数同环境温度的关系;提出考虑环境温度影响的GFRP筋极限抗拉强度计算公式。试验研究成果为GFRP筋在不同环境温度条件下应用提供了科学依据。     

玻璃纤维增强复合材料筋肋参数优化试验研究

利用拉拔试验对玻璃纤维增强复合材料(GFRP)带肋筋与混凝土的粘结性能进行试验研究,并对筋的肋参数进行优化。自行设计了 30种不同肋参数的GFRP带肋筋,试验变量包括筋直径、肋高度和肋间距。在此基础上,制作了90个标准拉拔试件,分别测试了 GFRP带肋筋的粘结强度和加载端滑移,得到了相应的粘结-滑移曲线;根据肋参数的优化准则对各种GFRP带肋筋的粘结-滑移曲线进行分析,确定GFRP带肋筋的最佳肋参数。试验结果表明:肋参数对GFRP带肋筋与混凝土的粘结性能影响显著;GFRP带肋筋的最佳肋间距为筋直径的1倍,最佳肋高度为筋直径的6 %,即最佳肋高度与最佳肋间距的比值为0.06。      

GFRP拉挤成型工艺模拟优化

为了对GFRP (玻璃纤维增强塑料) 拉挤成型非稳态温度场与固化度进行数值模拟, 依据固化动力学和非稳态导热理论, 建立了温度场和固化度动力学模型。通过 DSC试验分析确定了模型中固化度动力学参数。利用有限元与有限差分相结合的方法, 建立温度场和固化度数值模型, 应用Euler-Cauch逐步迭代法实现计算机解耦。利用有限元软件FEPG编制拉挤固化模拟程序, 详细探讨了模具温度、拉挤速度、初始温度等拉挤工艺参数对模具内温度和固化度分布的影响。数值模拟值与FBG光栅测量值比较结果吻合, 能够对拉挤工艺参数制定提供有用的信息, 以指导拉挤工艺制定。      

爆炸冲击载荷下钢板-混凝土组合结构的动态性能和破坏机理研究进展

钢板-混凝土组合结构(SPCCS)是一种具有自重轻、延性和抗力高、施工简便和经济效果显著等优点的新型混凝土组合结构。爆炸冲击载荷作用下SPCCS的力学性能与常规载荷作用下的结构性能相比,存在较大区别。论述了SPCCS的构成特性与分类,从理论、试验和数值模拟三个方面综述了爆炸冲击载荷作用下SPCCS的动力响应和损伤破坏的最新研究成果,并对其未来发展趋势进行了展望。     

FRP加固T形截面RC外伸梁抗剪性能试验研究

通过对比试验方法分别研究了 T 型截面混凝土外伸梁负弯矩区段采用 U 形粘贴碳纤维布、玻璃纤维布进行抗剪加固时,在不同的加固形式下,梁斜截面的受力性能和破坏特征。在对比破坏特征的基础上,对混凝土梁负弯矩区段抗剪加固机理进行分析,并比较碳纤维布、玻璃纤维布的加固性能。     

气动锚杆钻机玻璃钢支腿的制作和稳定性计算

本文介绍气动锚杆钻机玻璃钢支腿的制作,并建立其稳定性计算的数学模型,为优化锚杆钻机支腿的设计提供科学依据。     

An integrated approach of form finding and construction simulation for glass fiber‐reinforced polymer elastic gridshells

Glass fiber‐reinforced polymer (GFRP) elastic gridshell is composed of long continuous GFRP tubes and achieves its shape through the elastic deformations during the lifting construction process. However, the complicated mechanical behaviors during the practical forming process are rarely examined in the previous researches. In this research, an innovative approach consolidating the form‐finding analysis and the construction simulation is proposed for the GFRP elastic gridshells. The integrated approach, which is developed with the ABAQUS and Python, is based on finite element analysis and iterative optimization; therefore, the mechanical deformations of gridshell can be accurately taken into account. The procedure of the integrated analysis is comprehensively presented by taking a typical double‐hump gridshell as an example. The form‐finding results (i.e., the flat lattices) derived from the iteration are found to be insensitive to the initial input. The structural behavior indexes (e.g., deflections, support reactions, and sectional stresses) during the lifting construction process are also available in the analysis. Based on the indexes, some general structural features of such gridshells are concluded. The achievements provide novel perspectives for the form‐finding analysis of GFRP elastic gridshells where lifting construction is involved, which is beneficial for the design and analysis of such structures.     

GFRP-to-timber bonded joints: Adhesive selection

Recent research at the University of Queensland (UQ) has led to the development of a new type of structures called “Hybrid Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP)-Timber structures” (“HFT”). In HFT structures, FRP is combined with timber veneers to create high-performance, lightweight, easy-to-construct structural members. These HFT members take advantage (i) of the orthotropic properties of both, timber and FRP to orientate the fiber direction to produce optimal composite properties, and (ii) of the geometry of the cross sections to maximize the load bearing capacity for a given amount of material. While preliminary experimental work has revealed as such the effectiveness of HFT structural members, no work has been carried out so far to investigate the behavior of these HFT structures. Performance of these new HFT members relies significantly on the bond between FRP and timber. This paper presents the results of an experimental study aimed at selecting a suitable commercially available adhesive for glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP)-to-timber bonded joints. The experimental program included 393 single lap joint tests covering four different commercially available adhesives, two different curing temperatures, and two test methods (dry and moisture cycle tests). The test results revealed that both, polyurethane (PUR) and cross-linking polyvinyl acetate emulsion (PVAx) performed as the best under dry conditions, while PUR was shown to be superior to all other adhesives when subjected to moisture cycles. Epoxy and phenol resorcinol formaldehyde adhesive (PRF) commonly used in FRP structures and laminated timber structures, resp., were found to be less performing structural adhesives for HFT structures.